Is at least the kernel coded at 64 bits? Not that it matters too much to most users. The only app I have that makes an heavy use of the CPU is VisualHub.

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No, the kernel is 32bit

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Yes 32-bit kernel:

$ file /mach_kernel*
/mach_kernel:        Mach-O universal binary with 2 architectures
/mach_kernel (for architecture i386):	Mach-O executable i386
/mach_kernel (for architecture ppc):	Mach-O executable ppc
/mach_kernel.ctfsys: Mach-O universal binary with 2 architectures
/mach_kernel.ctfsys (for architecture i386):	Mach-O executable i386
/mach_kernel.ctfsys (for architecture ppc):	Mach-O executable ppc

Anyone know what the difference between /mach_kernel.ctfsys and /mach_kernel is?

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No, the kernel is 32bit

What computer did you do this check with?

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At the last Chaos Computer Club conference in Hamburg, Germany, probably the biggest indie programmers conference in Germany, a talk about the structure of Leopard discussed this issue. It was made clear that the kernel is still 32 bit, but it was concluded that as long the kernel does not need more than 4 GB (2 GB?) of memory itself this does not really matter, and the kernel itself is certainly for from needing this much of memory (except that caching might make use of more memory).
http://chaosradio.ccc.de/24c3_m4v_2303.html

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